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The application of ergonomics research in high-speed train virtual assembly

with the progress of society and the rapid change of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for living and working environment. The theory of ergonomics has gradually penetrated into the process of product design and manufacturing, and its research and application have attracted more and more attention. In the research of ergonomics, "man machine environment" system is regarded as a unified whole. Research and improve the whole system to make the "man machine environment" achieve the best matching state, so as to ensure that people work, study and live safely, efficiently and comfortably

at present, the degree of automation of large-scale mechanical product assembly is very low, and most of its assembly process is completed by hand. Then, the unreasonable design of man-machine system, the unreasonable stacking position of parts, the operator's action does not conform to the action economic principle and other factors will affect the health of workers and the production efficiency of enterprises

in addition, the traditional ergonomic analysis and evaluation of the combination of ABS and other materials is carried out on the premise that workers have discomfort or occupational injury has occurred, and the ideal ergonomic analysis and evaluation method should be able to analyze and judge the possible situation before the injury as far as possible

therefore, more and more enterprises choose to analyze and evaluate ergonomics in virtual environment. Jinan new era Gold Testing Instrument Co., Ltd. can create a virtual environment that is close to reality by doing experiments of stretching, tightening, twists, peeling, puncturing, etc. in all materials within 10000n, and can easily simulate and analyze the assembly process of products by replacing the physical prototype in the traditional design with virtual products. Human factors are introduced into the virtual assembly of products, and the comfort of people at work and their adaptability to work load are analyzed, so as to eliminate invalid labor in time, reduce fatigue, make rational use of manpower and equipment, and improve work efficiency

when conducting ergonomic analysis of product virtual assembly process, the following problems should be considered:

(1) what analysis methods should be adopted for different ergonomic problems

(2) whether the analysis results are in line with the reality

(3) whether the ergonomic problems have been improved after taking improvement measures

in view of these problems, this paper aims to effectively judge the causes of occupational injury and improve it in time. Therefore, in the human tasksimulation module of DELMIA software, the product assembly process is simulated, and in the human activity analysis module, the state of the human body is analyzed to verify the reliability of the analysis results, and finally realize the man-machine analysis and improvement in the virtual environment

1 comfort and lifting labor intensity analysis method

1.1 comfort analysis

the narrow working space or the special requirements of the working position will reduce the comfort of workers' assembly operation and cause physical discomfort. The human activity analysis module of DELMIA provides a human comfort analysis tool RULA (rapid upper limb assessment). RULA analysis judges whether a worker's overall posture and posture of various parts of the body can be accepted by scoring. The overall scores of RULA analysis are shown in Table 1, and the scores and corresponding colors of various parts of the body are shown in Table 2

1.2 labor intensity analysis

labor intensity refers to the heaviness and tension in the production process, as well as the intensity of labor consumption. The humanactivity analytics module of DELMIA provides tools for lifting labor intensity analysis, push-pull labor intensity analysis, handling labor intensity analysis and other tools to meet the requirements of human-machine labor intensity analysis for different assembly operations

(1) for NIOSH analysis, the amplified signal voltage can reach 10V, which is the parameter to be input. In the environment of DELMIA, when NIOSH analysis is carried out on the human body, the parameters that need to be input are:

first, the posture of the human body at the beginning and end of lifting

second, lifting frequency and duration

third, the comfort of human body when lifting load

fourth, the total mass of the load

(2) niosh8 1 output results. After the analysis, the output results of Ni osl-t81 are as follows:

first, the action limit, that is, the weight that 99% of male workers and 5% of female workers can bear

the second is the maximum allowable limit, which is the weight that only 25% of male workers and 1% of female workers can bear

(3) niosh91 analysis output results. After niosh91 analysis, output agonfly: the use of carbon fiber has greatly affected the design of polar 1: the cross-section of the roof is a thin, light and rigid carbon fiber profile. The following results:

first, the recommended weight limit of the starting posture and the ending posture, that is, the load of healthy workers without danger

the second is the limit in dex of the start attitude and the end attitude, that is, the relevant evaluation parameters describing the physical pressure level