Application of the hottest engineering plastics in

Application of engineering plastics in the automotive industry

automotive lightweight has become a major trend in the automotive industry. On the basis of ensuring stable performance improvement, energy-saving design of various assembly parts and components, and continuous optimization of the vehicle model spectrum

the trend of automobile lightweight

automobile lightweight is to reduce the vehicle's servicing quality as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the vehicle's strength and safety performance, so as to improve the vehicle's power, reduce fuel consumption and reduce exhaust pollution. Experiments have shown that if the vehicle mass is reduced by half, the fuel consumption will also be reduced by nearly half. If the vehicle weight is reduced by 10%, the fuel efficiency can be increased by 6%-8%; For every 100 kg reduction in curb weight, the fuel consumption per 100 km can be reduced by 0 6 liters; The vehicle weight is reduced by 1%, and the fuel consumption can be reduced by 0.7%. At present, due to the needs of environmental protection and energy conservation, the lightweight of cars has become the trend of the world's automobile development

engineering plastics used in automobile lightweight

the main function of engineering plastics used in automobiles is to make automobiles lightweight, so as to achieve the purpose of fuel saving and high speed. Developed countries regard the amount of automotive plastics as an important symbol to measure the level of automotive design and manufacturing. Germany has the largest amount of automotive plastics in the world, accounting for 15% of the overall material. In recent years, China's automobile industry has developed rapidly. At present, the annual output of automobiles is more than 4million. According to the prediction of the consumption of foreign plastics, the annual use of modified plastics in the automobile industry is more than 500000 tons, of which engineering plastics account for a large proportion of the good news in the new material industry. The performance characteristics of the five engineering plastics are different, and their applications in automobiles are also biased

nylon pa

nylon is mainly used for automotive engines and engine peripheral components, and the main varieties are gfpa6, gfpa66, enhanced flame retardant PA6 and other products

(1) application in automotive engine peripheral components because the peripheral components of the engine are mainly heating and vibration components, most of the components are made of glass fiber reinforced nylon. This is because nylon has better comprehensive properties. The main properties of nylon modified with glass fiber have been greatly improved, such as strength, product accuracy, dimensional stability and so on. In addition, there are many kinds of nylon, which is easy to recycle and relatively cheap. These factors make nylon an ideal choice for engine peripheral components. The intake manifold is the most typical application of modified nylon in automobiles. In 1990, BMW AG first applied the intake manifold made of glass fiber reinforced nylon to six cylinder engines; Later, Ford and DuPont cooperated to use glass fiber to strengthen the intake manifold made of PA66 on V6 engine. Later, major automobile companies all over the world followed suit, and the modified nylon intake manifold was widely used

(2) application in automotive engine components. Modified nylon is generally used as the preferred material for engine cover, engine decorative cover, cylinder head cover and other components. Compared with metal materials, the weight of cylinder head cover is reduced by 50% and the cost is reduced by 30%. In addition to engine parts, other stressed parts of the car can also use reinforced nylon, such as oil filter, wiper, radiator grille, etc

polyester

in the field of automobile manufacturing, PBT is widely used to produce bumpers, carburetor components, mudguards, spoilers, spark plug terminal boards, fuel supply system parts, instrument panels, automobile igniters, accelerators, clutch pedals and other components. The competition between PBT and PA, PC and POM in the automotive manufacturing industry is very fierce. PA is easy to absorb water, and the heat resistance and drug resistance of PC are not as good as PBT; In connection with automobile applications, PBT will gradually replace PA because its water absorption resistance is better than PA,. When the relative humidity is high and very humid, the plasticity is easy to be reduced due to humidity, and the electrical nodes are easy to cause corrosion, so modified PBT can often be used. At 80 ℃ and 90% relative humidity, PBT can still be used normally, and the effect is very good

pbt/pc alloy of GE company, whose trade name is xenoy1731, is most widely used in luxury cars; It has good heat resistance, stress cracking resistance, excellent wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, high low-temperature impact strength, easy processing and good finishing in 7.5.5. It is mainly used in high-end car bumpers, underboards, panels and motorcycle guards

POM

POM in the automotive industry is the largest potential market. POM is light in weight, simple in processing and molding, low in production cost, and similar in material properties to metals. The modified POM has low wear coefficient and strong rigidity; It is very suitable for manufacturing automotive pumps, carburetor components, oil pipelines, power valves, Wanshang section bearings, motor gears, cranks, handles, instrument panels, car window lift devices, electrical switches, safety belt buckles, etc. Manufacturing shaft sleeves, gears, sliders and other wear-resistant parts is the strength of modified POM. These parts have little metal wear, reduce the amount of lubricating oil that should be used according to the specific situation, and enhance the service life of the parts; Therefore, it can widely replace copper, zinc and other metals to produce bearings, gears, pull rods and so on. POM auto parts are light in weight, low in noise, and easy to form and assemble, so they are more and more widely used in the automotive manufacturing industry

polycarbonate PC

modified PC is mainly used for exterior and interior parts in automobiles because of its high mechanical properties and good appearance. Pc/abs alloy and pc/pbt alloy are the most widely used

(1) pc/abs alloy is the most suitable material for automotive interior parts. This is because pc/abs alloy has excellent heat resistance, impact resistance and rigidity, and good processing fluidity. It is also an ideal material for manufacturing automobile dashboard. The thermal deformation temperature of pc/abs alloy is 110 ℃ ~135 ℃, which can fully meet the heating requirements of cars parked outdoors at noon in the hot summer in tropical countries. PC/abs alloy has good finishing and adhesion to the covering film, so the instrument panel made of pc/abs alloy does not need surface pretreatment, and can be directly sprayed with soft finish paint or coated with PVC film. PC/abs alloy is also used to manufacture auto parts such as components around the instrument panel, antifreeze plate, door handle, negative flow plate, bracket, steering column sheath, decorative plate, air conditioning system accessories, etc

(2) pc/pbt alloy and pc/pet alloy are ideal materials for automobile exterior parts because they have not only the high heat resistance and high impact of PC, but also the chemical resistance, wear resistance and molding processability of PBT and pet. Pc/pbt car bumpers can withstand low-temperature impact below -30 ℃. When the bumpers are broken, they are ductile fracture without debris, and domestic demand will also reach 5.68 million kilometers. Elastomer toughened pc/pbt alloy and pc/pet alloy are more suitable for making automobile body panels, automobile side guards, fenders, automobile door frames, etc. The injection molded exterior parts of high heat-resistant pc/pbt alloy and pc/pet alloy can not be painted. Pc/pet alloy can be used to make automobile exhaust port and license plate cover. Pc/abs alloy can also be used to make automobile exterior parts, such as automobile wheelhouse, reflector shell, tail lamp cover, etc. Pc/abs has good formability and can process large automobile parts, such as automobile fender

polyphenylene oxide PPO

modified PPO is mainly used as parts with high requirements for heat resistance, flame retardancy, electrical performance, impact performance, dimensional stability and mechanical strength in automobiles. For example, ppo/ps alloy is suitable for occasions with humidity, load, high requirements for electrical insulation and good dimensional stability. It is suitable for manufacturing automobile wheel housings, front lamp glass slots, tail lamp shells and other parts. It is also suitable for manufacturing automobile electrical components such as connection boxes, fuse boxes, disconnect switch shells and so on. Ppo/pa alloy has excellent mechanical properties, dimensional stability, oil resistance, electrical insulation and impact resistance. It can be used to make automobile external parts, such as large baffle, cushion, rear baffle, etc. The application direction of ppo/pa alloy in the future when the engine hood requires higher glass transition temperature

ppo/pbt alloy has high thermal deformation temperature and low sensitivity to moisture. It is an ideal material for manufacturing automobile outer panels. The development direction of the automotive industry is high-grade, miniaturization, lightweight and diversification. The research on plastic instead of steel in automotive applications has also become very active. At present, domestic automotive plastics account for an average of 7% of the total materials, while the proportion in Germany is 15%; We need to increase research and development to achieve the synchronous development of the design of accessory structure, the selection of plastic materials and the industry

with the development of battery energy industry, automobile lightweight will still become a hot spot. More top luxury cars will abandon metal and choose some high-performance special engineering plastics, carbon fiber and other advanced materials. In the future, multi-component composite materials of the above materials will be used for automobile lightweight, and a single material is still difficult to meet the needs of use and production